Sawing machine, cutting-off method, and method of reducing noise

ABSTRACT

A band saw machine includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel around which an endless band saw blade is wound. At least one of the driving wheel and the driven wheel is directly connected to an output shaft of a control motor. The output shaft of the control motor is arranged in a cylindrical bearing unit installed on a motor base supporting the control motor. The driving wheel is rotatably supported by the bearing unit.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a sawing machine, a cutting method, anda noise reduction method. More particularly, the present inventionrelates to a sawing machine, in which a driving wheel around which aband saw blade is wound on a band saw machine and an output shaft of acontrol motor such as a servomotor are directly connected with eachother, and a cutting method and a noise reduction method in the band sawmachine.

BACKGROUND ART

In the band saw machine in the background art, as shown in FIG. 1, amotor 34 for rotating a driving wheel 29 is fitted to the back of awheel housing 27A, and a speed reducer 37 formed of, for example, aplanetary gear mechanism or a worm gear mechanism is equipped between anoutput shaft 35 of the motor 34 and a shaft 29A of the driving wheel 29.This configuration is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-OpenNo. H11-104915.

Conventionally, in order to cut a workpiece while keeping the cuttingrate (a cutting area per unit time) constant, the cutting speed of theband saw blade with respect to the workpiece is controlled correspondingto the cutting length of the workpiece, or the traveling speed of theband saw blade is periodically controlled by an inverter to reduce noisedue to the resonance during cutting of the workpiece. This technique isdisclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H8-197330.

In the configuration in which the speed reducer is placed between themotor and the driving wheel, however, the number of components increasesto make the configuration complicated, and maintenance is requiredrelatively frequently. Furthermore, there is a problem in that themoment of inertia increases to make it difficult to performmicro-control of the saw speed.

Conventionally, the saw speed is controlled during cutting of theworkpiece by the band saw blade, however, it is to control the saw speedperiodically, and for example, it is difficult to vibrate the saw speed,for example, as if vibratory cutting is being performed.

In the conventional technique, the saw speed is controlled duringcutting of the workpiece by the band saw blade, however, it is tocontrol the saw speed periodically, and for example, it is difficult tovibrate the saw speed, for example, as if vibratory cutting is beingperformed. When the workpiece causes work hardening, it has beendifficult to cut the workpiece.

In the conventional band saw machine, as the configuration for reducingnoise generated at the time of cutting the workpiece, a configuration inwhich the sawteeth pitch of the band saw blade is made unequal in orderto prevent noise generation due to the resonance of the band saw blade,or a configuration in which a vibration-isolating roller having a largemass is pressed against the band saw blade has been adopted.Furthermore, in order to control the cutting speed of the band saw bladewith respect to the workpiece corresponding to the cutting length of theworkpiece, or to reduce noise due to the resonance during cutting of theworkpiece, the rotation speed of the band saw blade is periodicallycontrolled by an inverter. This technique is disclosed in JapanesePatent Application Laid-Open No. H8-197330.

As described above, in the configuration in which the sawteeth pitch ofthe band saw blade is made unequal, or the configuration in which thevibration-isolating roller is pressed against the band saw blade, noisecan be reduced to some extent, however, further improvement is requiredfor reducing chatter due to longitudinal vibrations of the band sawblade at the time of cutting the workpiece.

In the configuration in which the rotation speed of the band saw bladeis periodically controlled by inverter control, noise due to theresonance can be reduced, however sometimes, two sound waves having aslightly different oscillation frequency interfere with each other tocause swells such that the sound becomes strong and weak periodically.Furthermore, in order to reduce chatter due to longitudinal vibrationsof the band saw blade at the time of cutting the workpiece, furtherimprovement is required.

The present invention has been achieved in order to solve the aboveproblems. It is a first object of the present invention to provide aband saw machine and a cutting method, which can simplify theconfiguration of the drive system and can easily cut a workpiece, whichis likely to cause work hardening, and a noise reduction method.

It is a second object of the present invention to provide a band sawmachine, a cutting method, and a noise reduction method, which canreduce longitudinal vibrations of the band saw blade due to rubbing ofthe band saw blade against the workpiece at the time of cutting theworkpiece, thereby reducing noise due to the longitudinal vibrations.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

To achieve the above objects, a first aspect of the present inventionprovides a band saw machine comprising a driving wheel and a drivenwheel around which an endless band saw blade is wound, wherein at leastone of the driving wheel and the driven wheel is directly connected toan output shaft of a control motor.

A second aspect of the present invention provides the band saw machineaccording to the first aspect, wherein the output shaft of the controlmotor is arranged in a cylindrical bearing unit installed on a motorbase supporting the control motor, and the driving wheel is rotatablysupported by the bearing unit.

A third aspect of the present invention provides the band saw machineaccording to the first or the second aspect, comprising a rotation speedcontroller for controlling the rotation speed of the control motor, amotor driver for driving the control motor under the control of therotation speed controller, and a pulse generator that applies a pulse tothe motor driver in order to vibrate the rotation speed of the rotatingcontrol motor, under the control of the rotation speed controller.

A fourth aspect of the present invention provides the band saw machineaccording to any one of the first to the third aspects, wherein thefrequency of the pulse applied by the pulse generator is as low asseveral Hz to several hundred HZ.

A fifth aspect of the present invention provides the band saw machineaccording to any one of the first to the fourth aspects, comprising acutting position detector for detecting a cutting position of the bandsaw blade with respect to the workpiece, a cutting length calculatorthat calculates the cutting length based on the cutting positiondetected by the cutting position detector, and the shape and the size ofthe workpiece, and a saw speed calculator that calculates the saw speedcorresponding to the cutting length calculated by the cutting lengthcalculator and outputs a rotation speed instruction to the rotationspeed controller.

A sixth aspect of the present invention provides the band saw machineaccording to any one of the first to the fifth aspects, comprising acutting speed controller for controlling the cutting speed of the bandsaw blade with respect to the workpiece, wherein the cutting speed ofthe band saw blade with respect to the workpiece is instantaneouslyaccelerated under the control of the cutting speed controller, at thetime of fall of the pulse output from the pulse generator.

A seventh aspect of the present invention provides a cutting method forcutting a workpiece by moving an endless band saw blade equipped on aband saw machine, wherein the traveling speed of the band saw blade isvibrationally controlled.

An eighth aspect of the present invention provides the cutting methodaccording to the seventh aspect, wherein the cutting speed of the bandsaw blade with respect to the workpiece is vibrationally controlled tocut the workpiece.

A ninth aspect of the present invention provides the cutting methodaccording to the seventh or the eighth aspect, wherein the travelingspeed and the cutting speed with respect to the workpiece of the bandsaw blade are controlled to be low to cut the workpiece, in the initialstage and in the final stage of cutting with respect to the workpiece.

According to the band saw machine and the cutting method in the first tothe ninth aspects of the present invention, since the driving wheel andthe output shaft of the control motor are directly connected to eachother, the configuration of the drive system can be simplified.Furthermore, since the traveling speed of the band saw blade is vibratedto cut the workpiece, thereby realizing vibratory cutting, and hence,even cutting of a workpiece, which is likely to cause work hardening,can be performed easily.

A tenth aspect of the present invention provides a cutting method,wherein when the rotation of the control motor is controlled under a setmachining condition to rotate the saw blade and perform cutting of theworkpiece, and when noise, wear, or a cutting resistance of the sawblade equal to or higher than a reference value is detected, forexample, a rectangular pulse having rectangular waves is applied to amotor driver by a pulse generator, to vibrate the rotation speed of thecontrol motor, and the rotation of the saw blade is vibrated to continuecutting of the workpiece.

An eleventh aspect of the present invention provides a cutting method,wherein when the rotation of the control motor is controlled under theset machining condition to rotate the saw blade and the cutting speed ofthe saw blade with respect to the workpiece is controlled by a cuttingspeed controller to perform cutting of the workpiece, and when noise,wear, or a cutting resistance of the saw blade equal to or higher than areference value is detected, for example, a rectangular pulse havingrectangular waves is applied to a motor driver by a pulse generator, tovibrate the rotation speed of the control motor, and the rotation andthe cutting speed of the saw blade are also vibrated, to continuecutting of the workpiece.

A twelfth aspect of the present invention provides a sawing machinecomprising: a saw blade directly rotated by a control motor; a rotationspeed controller for controlling the rotation speed of the controlmotor; a motor driver that drives the control motor under the control ofthe rotation speed controller; a pulse generator that applies a pulse tothe motor driver in order to vibrate the rotation speed of the rotatingcontrol motor, under the control of the rotation speed controller; anoise detector for detecting noise at the time of cutting the workpiece,or a wear detector for detecting the wear of the saw blade, or a cuttingresistance detector for detecting the cutting resistance; and acomparator that compares the detected value of the noise, or thedetected value of the wear, or the detected value of the cuttingresistance with the reference value.

A thirteenth aspect of the present invention provides the sawing machineaccording to the twelfth aspect, comprising a cutting speed controllerfor controlling the cutting speed of the saw blade with respect to theworkpiece, wherein the cutting speed of the saw blade with respect tothe workpiece is instantaneously accelerated under the control of thecutting speed controller, corresponding to the pulse output from thepulse generator.

A fourteenth aspect of the present invention provides the sawing machineaccording to the twelfth aspect or the thirteenth aspect, wherein thefrequency of the pulse applied by the pulse generator is as low asseveral Hz to several hundred HZ.

According to the sawing machine and the cutting method in the tenth tothe fourteenth aspects of the present invention, when the noise becomesequal to or higher than the reference value, when the wear of thesawteeth becomes equal to or higher than the reference value, or whenthe cutting resistance becomes equal to or higher than the referencevalue, the traveling speed of the band saw blade is vibrated to cut theworkpiece, thereby realizing vibratory cutting. Accordingly, generationof noise can be reduced, and even cutting of a workpiece, which islikely to cause work hardening, can be performed easily, therebyenabling improvement in the cutting efficiency.

A fifteenth aspect of the present invention provides a noise reductionmethod for reducing noise due to longitudinal vibrations of the band sawblade at the time of cutting a workpiece by a band saw machine, whereinsudden acceleration and deceleration are applied to the band saw bladeto vibrate the rotation speed of the band saw blade, thereby reducingnoise due to longitudinal vibrations of the band saw blade.

A sixteenth aspect of the present invention provides the noise reductionmethod according to the fifteenth aspect, wherein the suddenacceleration and deceleration of the band saw blade are realized byapplying, for example, a rectangular pulse having rectangular waves, toa control motor for rotating the band saw blade.

A seventeenth aspect of the present invention provides the noisereduction method according to the fifteenth or the sixteenth aspect,wherein the frequency of the rectangular pulse to be applied to thecontrol motor is adjusted to determine an appropriate frequency, and therectangular pulse of the determined appropriate frequency is applied tothe control motor.

An eighteenth aspect of the present invention provides a sawing machinecomprising: a control motor for rotating a driving wheel on a band sawmachine; a rotation speed controller for controlling the rotation speedof the control motor; a motor driver that drives the control motor underthe control of the rotation speed controller; a pulse generator thatapplies a pulse to the motor driver in order to accelerate anddecelerate suddenly the rotation of the rotating control motor, underthe control of the rotation speed controller; and a frequency adjusterthat adjusts the frequency of the pulse applied by the pulse generator.

A nineteenth aspect of the present invention provides the sawing machineaccording to the eighteenth aspect, comprising: a noise detector fordetecting noise at the time of cutting the workpiece; a frequencyanalyzer that analyzes the frequency of the noise detected by the noisedetector; and a noise data table in which the frequency band of thenoise and the frequency band of the pulse to be applied are stored inassociation with each other.

A twentieth aspect of the present invention provides the sawing machineaccording to the eighteenth or the nineteenth aspect, comprising astorage unit that stores the frequency of the pulse applied by the pulsegenerator and the noise level detected by the noise detector inassociation with each other, and a comparator that compares the noiselevel stored in the storage unit with a new noise level detected by thenoise detector, to calculate a minimum noise level.

A twenty-first aspect of the present invention provides the sawingmachine according to any one of the eighteenth to the twentieth aspects,comprising a memory for storing the frequency of the pulse at theminimum noise level calculated by the comparator and the frequency ofnoise to be reduced, in association with each other.

According to the noise reduction method and the sawing machine in thefifteenth to the twenty-first aspects, by suddenly accelerating anddecelerating the rotation speed of the band saw blade, the rotationspeed of the band saw blade can be vibrated, thereby realizing a mode inwhich vibratory cutting is performed by the band saw blade. Accordingly,longitudinal vibrations of the band saw blade due to rubbing of the bandsaw blade against the workpiece at the time of cutting the workpiece canbe reduced, thereby reducing noise due to the longitudinal vibrations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross section illustrating an example of aconventional drive system;

FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross section illustrating the configuration ofthe relevant part of a band saw machine according to a first embodimentof the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an explanatory front elevation illustrating the overallconfiguration of a horizontal band saw machine as an example of the bandsaw machine;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory block diagram conceptually illustrating theconfiguration of the relevant part that controls the saw speed of a bandsaw blade;

FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E are explanatory diagrams illustrating acase when the rotation speed of a control motor is vibrated;

FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C are explanatory diagrams illustrating a secondexample of an applied pulse;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating the configuration ofthe relevant part that controls the saw speed of the band saw blade in asecond embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram conceptually illustrating theconfiguration of the relevant part that controls the saw speed of theband saw blade in a third embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a functional block diagram conceptually illustrating theconfiguration of the relevant part that controls the saw speed of theband saw blade in a fourth embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the relation between a saw speedvariation range and a noise value; and

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a relation between a frequency and thenoise value.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be explained belowwith reference to the drawings.

A band saw machine (a sawing machine) includes a vertical band sawmachine and a horizontal band saw machine. For facilitatingunderstanding, the overall configuration will be schematically explainedby exemplifying the horizontal band saw machine. As shown in FIG. 3, ahorizontal band saw machine 101 includes a base 103, and a vise device105 that can freely fix a workpiece W to be cut is installed on the base103. The vise device 105 includes a fixed vise jaw 109A and a movablevise jaw 109B facing each other on a vise bed 107 that supports theworkpiece W, and also includes a hydraulic cylinder 111 for operatingthe movable vise jaw 109B. A saw blade housing 115, as a cutting head,including a band saw blade 113 for cutting the workpiece W, is providedon the base 103 in the directions of relatively approaching and partingfrom the workpiece W, that is, in the example in the figure, the sawblade housing 115 is provided movably upward and downward.

That is, in the embodiment, a lift member 119 integrally formed with thesaw blade housing 115 is guided movably up and down by a guide post 117arranged in a standing condition on the base 103. A hydraulic cylinder121 for lifting is provided as an example of a cutting actuator, inorder to shift the saw blade housing 115 in the direction approachingand parting from the workpiece W, that is, in the vertical direction.Furthermore, a cutting position detector 123 that detects a position inthe vertical motion of the saw blade housing 115 to detect the cuttingposition of the band saw blade 113 with respect to the workpiece W isprovided in the horizontal band saw machine 101.

The cutting position detector 123 may have a configuration including avertical linear case and a detection head, for example, provided on theguide post 117, or may have a configuration in which a rotary encoder isrotated by a pinion engaged with a rack. In a mode in which the sawblade housing 115 swings vertically, the rotary encoder may be providedon a hinge in the saw blade housing. Thus, various configurations can beused.

The saw blade housing 115 includes wheel housings 127A, 127B on the leftand right sides of a beam member 125 long in the longitudinal direction.A driving wheel 129 is rotatably provided in one of the wheel housings,127A, and a driven wheel 131 is rotatably provided in the other wheelhousing 127B. The band saw blade 113 is spanned between the drivingwheel 129 and the driven wheel 131, and a band saw blade guide apparatus133 that guides and holds the band saw blade 113, with the point of theband saw blade 113 directed toward the workpiece W, is provided betweenthe both wheel housings 127A and 127B.

In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a control motor 139 such as aservomotor is used as the motor for rotating the driving wheel 129, andan output shaft 141 of the control motor 139 and the driving wheel 129are directly connected to each other.

More specifically, the control motor 139 is fitted to a motor base 143fitted to the saw blade housing 115 via a fixture such as bolt, and theoutput shaft 141 is arranged in a cylindrical bearing unit 145 installedon the motor base 143. The driving wheel 129 is rotatably supported bythe bearing unit 145, via a bearing 147 arranged on the outercircumference of the bearing unit 145, and a wheel cap 149 integrallyformed with the driving wheel 129 and the output shaft 141 areintegrally connected via a connecting fixture such as a plurality ofbolts.

When rotating the control motor 139, the output shaft 141 and thedriving wheel 129 integrally and directly connected therewith areintegrally rotated, so that the band saw blade 113 spanned between thedriving wheel 129 and the driven wheel 131 is driven to perform cuttingof the workpiece W. Since the radial load at the time of cutting of theworkpiece W is received by the beating unit 145 in the motor base 143,the radial load does not act on the output shaft 141 in the controlmotor 139, thereby enabling smooth rotation at all times.

A control device 151 such as a CNC unit is equipped for controlling theband saw machine 101. As shown in FIG. 4, where only the relevant partis conceptually and schematically, the control device 151 includes acutting length calculator 153 that calculates the cutting length of theworkpiece W based on the position detected by the cutting positiondetector 123 that detects the cutting position of the band saw blade 113with respect to the workpiece W, and the shape and the size of theworkpiece W input beforehand by an input unit 181.

Furthermore, the control device 151 includes a saw speed calculator 155that calculates the traveling speed of the band saw blade 113 based onthe calculation result of the cutting length calculator 153. The sawspeed calculator 155 searches an appropriate saw speed corresponding tothe material and the cutting length of the workpiece W in a saw speeddata table 57, in which the relation between the cutting length and thesaw speed is stored in data corresponding to the material of theworkpiece W.

The control device 151 includes a rotation speed controller 159 forcontrolling the rotation speed of the control motor 159 based on thecalculation result of the saw speed calculator 155, so that the rotationspeed of the control motor 139 is controlled via a motor driver 161under the control of the rotation speed controller 159. A rectangularpulse generator 163 is equipped in the control device 151 as an exampleof a pulse generator that applies a rectangular pulse, as an example ofpulses, to the motor driver 161, to vibrate the rotation speed of thecontrol motor 139.

The rectangular pulse generator 163 vibrates, for example, the rotationspeed of the control motor 139 rotating at a constant rotation speedunder the control of the rotation speed controller 159, to vibrate thespeed of the band saw blade 113 so that the band saw blade 113 travelingat a constant speed vibrates in the traveling direction (movingdirection) of the band saw blade 113. In other words, the saw speed isinstantaneously changed as if the band saw blade 113, for example,traveling at a constant speed is performing vibratory cutting.

Furthermore, the control device 151 includes a cutting speed controller165 for controlling the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 121 forlifting, as one example of the cutting actuator, to control the cuttingspeed of the band saw blade 113 with respect to the workpiece W. Thecutting speed controller 165 includes a flow control valve, when thecutting actuator is formed of a fluid pressure cylinder, or a rotationspeed controller that controls the rotation speed of the servomotor,when the cutting actuator is formed of, for example, a ball screw or thelike rotated by the servomotor.

When rotating the control motor 139 and operating the cutting actuator121 to start cutting of the workpiece W, the cutting position of theband saw blade 113 with respect to the workpiece W can be detected bythe cutting position detector 123. Therefore, as in the conventionalnormal band saw machine, cutting (hollow cutting) is performed at a highspeed until the band saw blade 113 approaches the workpiece W, and whenthe band saw blade 113 approaches the workpiece W, the cutting speed iscontrolled to a low speed. Cutting by the band saw blade 113 is thenperformed with respect to the workpiece W at the low cutting speed.

In the initial stage of cutting until the band saw blade 113 comes incontact with the workpiece W to cut the workpiece W slightly, thetraveling speed of the band saw blade 113 is controlled to a low speedunder the control of the rotation speed controller 159. That is, at thetime of start cutting of the workpiece W by the band saw blade 113, thecutting speed and the saw speed are controlled to a low speed so that alarge load does not suddenly act on the sawteeth to cause broken teeth.Furthermore, at the end of cutting of the workpiece W by the band sawblade 113, the traveling speed and the cutting speed with respect to theworkpiece of the band saw blade 113 are controlled to a low speed, inorder to suppress occurrence of burr.

The cutting position of the band saw blade 113 with respect to theworkpiece W is detected by the cutting position detector 123, and thecutting length of the workpiece W is calculated by the cutting lengthcalculator 153 based on the detected cutting position. The saw speedcorresponding to the cutting length is calculated by the saw speedcalculator 155 based on the calculation result, and the saw speed iscontrolled corresponding to the cutting length of the workpiece W underthe control of the rotation speed controller 159.

As described above, when the rotation speed of the control motor 139 iscontrolled via the motor driver 161 under the control of the rotationspeed controller 159, and the band saw blade 113 is driven to cut theworkpiece W, the rectangular pulse is generated by the rectangular pulsegenerator 163 and applied to the motor driver 161, thereby vibrating therotation speed of the control motor 139.

In other words, for example as shown in FIG. 5A, when the control motor139 is in a rotating state at a constant speed, a rectangular pulse witha sharp rise is applied from the rectangular pulse generator 163 to themotor driver 161 as shown in FIGS. 5B and 5D, the rotation speed of thecontrol motor 139 is instantaneously accelerated as shown in FIGS. 5Cand 5E. On the contrary, application of a rectangular pulse with a sharpfall to the motor driver 161 instantaneously decelerates the rotationspeed of the control motor 139. Therefore, by applying the rectangularpulse to the motor driver 161 from the rectangular pulse generator 163,the rotation speed of the control motor 139 can be vibrated, therebyvibrating the traveling speed of the band saw blade 113.

That is, when the band saw blade 113 cuts the workpiece W, the band sawblade 113 vibrates in the traveling direction (moving direction), as ifit is performing vibratory cutting. Accordingly, when the band saw blade113 is instantaneously accelerated, the band saw blade 113 is suddenlymoved vigorously, and hence, cutting of the workpiece W can be performedefficiently.

The applied pulse may be only a positive pulse or only a negative pulse,and is not limited to the rectangular pulse, so long as the pulse has awaveform with sharp rise and fall. As shown in FIGS. 3, 6A, 6B, and 6C,the pulse may be a sinusoidal pulse approximate to a state in which theangle of the rectangular pulse becomes dull.

In a general machine tool, when vibratory cutting of the workpiece isperformed by moving a cutting tool with respect to a rotating workpiece,high frequency of several kHz is applied to the cutting tool to vibratethe cutting tool minutely. In the band saw machine, when the travelingspeed of the band saw blade 113 is to be vibrated, it is necessary tovibrate the rotation speed of the control motor 139 for rotating theband saw blade 113.

In the band saw machine, however, since the weight of the driving wheel129 around which the band saw blade 113 is wound is large and theinertia is large, even if a high-frequency pulse is applied to the motordriver 161, it is difficult to vibrate the rotation speed of the controlmotor 139 as intended. Therefore, in order to vibrate the rotation speedof the control motor 139 to vibrate the traveling speed of the band sawblade 113, it is desired to apply a rectangular pulse, which is of a lowfrequency of from several to several hundred HZ, desirably of about 100Hz, and has clear rise and fall, to the motor driver 161.

That is, by applying the low-frequency rectangular pulse to the motordriver 161 by the rectangular pulse generator 163, the rotation speed ofthe control motor 139 and the traveling speed of the band saw blade 113can be vibrated.

When the rectangular pulse generator 163 applies the rectangular pulseto the motor driver 161 to cut the workpiece W by vibrating thetraveling speed of the band saw blade 113, the saw speed isinstantaneously accelerated sharply at the time of rise of therectangular pulse, and is instantaneously decelerated sharply at thetime of fall of the rectangular pulse, when the rectangular pulse isapplied by the rectangular pulse generator 163.

Therefore, the cutting actuator 121 is controlled by the cutting speedcontroller 165 at the time of fall of the rectangular pulse applied tothe motor driver 161 by the rectangular pulse generator 163, toaccelerate the cutting speed of the band saw blade 113 with respect tothe workpiece W instantaneously sharply, thereby enabling efficientbiting into the workpiece W of the sawteeth of the band saw blade 113.

That is, it is desired to vibrate the band saw blade 113 in the movingdirection as well as the cutting speed of the band saw blade 113 withrespect to the workpiece W. In this case, by suddenly accelerating thecutting speed of the band saw blade 113 with respect to the workpiece Wwhen the traveling speed of the band saw blade 113 is low, biting intothe workpiece W of the sawteeth is performed efficiently. At this time,even if a work hardening layer is generated in the workpiece W, thepoints of the sawteeth break through the work hardening layer to biteinto the workpiece W deeply. Accordingly, even a workpiece that islikely to generate a work hardening layer can be easily cut.

Furthermore, since the biting ability of the sawteeth with respect tothe workpiece is improved, generation of noise due to rubbing of theband saw blade against the workpiece W can be suppressed. Accordingly,cutting of the workpiece can be performed more quietly and the cuttingplane can be made smoother than in the conventional band saw machine.

As can be understood from the above explanation, the control motor 139is used as the motor for rotating the driving wheel 129, and the outputshaft 141 of the control motor 139 and the driving wheel 129 aredirectly connected to each other. Accordingly, the configuration is madesimple, the moment of inertia of the rotation system is reduced, thecontrollability of the traveling speed of the band saw blade 113 isimproved, and the traveling speed of the band saw blade 113 can beeasily vibrated.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above,and can be embodied in other modes by performing modificationappropriately. For example, not only the driving wheel 129 is directlyconnected to the control motor 139, however, also the driven wheel 131may be directly connected to another control motor, so that the drivingwheel 129 and the driven wheel 131 are respectively driven by separatecontrol motors.

According to such a configuration, the control motor can be made small,to reduce the moment of inertia further, thereby improving thecontrollability. In this case, even in a configuration in which the bothcontrol motors are synchronously controlled, the rectangular pulse maybe applied only to one of the control motors.

While the horizontal band saw machine is exemplified as the band sawmachine in the above explanation, the first embodiment is alsoapplicable to the vertical band saw machine.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be explained next.

In the second embodiment, the control device 151 in the first embodimentof the present invention is partly modified. A control device 251 in thesecond embodiment includes, as shown in FIG. 7, a saw speed controller259 instead of the rotation speed controller 159, and a vibration signalapplying unit 263 instead of the rectangular pulse generator 163. Eventhe second embodiment can exhibit the same effect as in the firstembodiment.

A third embodiment of the present invention will be explained. The thirdembodiment of the present invention relates to a cutting method of theworkpiece by a sawing machine and the sawing machine. More specifically,the third embodiment relates to a cutting method and a sawing machine,in which when the noise, the wear, or the cutting resistance of thesawteeth reaches and exceeds a reference value at the time of cutting aworkpiece, the rotation speed of the saw blade is vibrated to continuecutting of the workpiece. The third embodiment will be explained indetail with reference to the drawings.

In this embodiment, a control motor such as the servomotor is used as amotor 335 for rotating the driving wheel 129, and the output shaft ofthe control motor 335 and the driving wheel 129 are directly connectedto each other without using a decelerator or the like. That is, the sawblade 113 is directly rotated by the control motor 335. When the sawblade 113 is a circular saw, the output shaft of the control motor 335and the circular saw are directly connected to each other.

A control device 337 such as a CNC unit shown in FIG. 8 is provided forcontrolling the sawing machine 101. As only the relevant part is shownconceptually and schematically in FIG. 8, the control device 337includes a cutting length calculator 339 that calculates the cuttinglength of the workpiece W based on the position detected by a cuttingposition detector 323 for detecting the cutting position of the sawblade 113 with respect to the workpiece W, and the shape and the size ofthe workpiece W input beforehand.

Furthermore, the control device 337 includes a saw speed calculator 341that calculates the traveling speed of tie saw blade 113 based on thecalculation result of the cutting length calculator 339. The saw speedcalculator 341 searches the appreciate saw speed corresponding to thematerial and the cutting length of the workpiece W in a saw speed datatable 343, in which the relation between the cutting length and the sawspeed is stored in data corresponding to the material of the workpieceW.

Furthermore, the control device 337 includes a rotation speed controller345 for controlling the rotation speed of the control motor 335 based onthe calculation result of the saw speed calculator 341, so that therotation speed of the control motor 139 is controlled via a motor driver347 under the control of the rotation speed controller 345. Arectangular pulse generator 349 is equipped in the control device 337for applying a rectangular pulse, as an example of a waveform havingsharp rise and fall, to the motor driver 367, in order to vibrate therotation speed of the control motor 335.

The rectangular pulse generator 349 vibrates, for example, the rotationspeed of the control motor 335 rotating at a constant rotation speedunder the control of the rotation speed controller 345, to vibrate thespeed of the saw blade 113 so that the saw blade 113 rotating at aconstant speed vibrates in the rotation direction (traveling direction)of the saw blade 113. In other words, the saw speed is instantaneouslychanged as if the saw blade 113, for example, traveling at a constantspeed is performing vibratory cutting.

Furthermore, the control device 337 includes a cutting speed controller351 for controlling the cutting speed of the saw blade 113 with respectto the workpiece W by controlling the operation of the hydrauliccylinder 321 for lifting as one example of the cutting actuator. Thecutting speed controller 351 includes a rotation speed controller thatcontrols a flow control valve when the cutting actuator is formed of afluid pressure cylinder, or controls the rotation speed of theservomotor when the cutting actuator is formed of, for example, a ballscrew or the like rotated by the servomotor.

When rotating the control motor 335 and operating a cutting actuator 321to start cutting of the workpiece W, the cutting position of the sawblade 113 with respect to the workpiece W can be detected by the cuttingposition detector 323. Therefore, as in the conventional normal sawingmachine, cutting (hollow cutting) is performed at a high speed until thesaw blade 113 approaches the workpiece W, and when the saw blade 113approaches the workpiece W, the cutting speed is controlled to a lowspeed. Cutting by the saw blade 113 is then performed with respect tothe workpiece W at the low cutting speed.

In the initial stage of cutting until the saw blade 113 comes in contactwith the workpiece W to cut the workpiece W slightly, the rotation speedof the saw blade 113 is controlled to a low speed under the control ofthe rotation speed controller 345. That is, at the time of start cuttingof the workpiece W by the saw blade 113, the cutting speed and therotation speed of the saw blade 113 are controlled to a low speed, sothat a large load does not suddenly act on the sawteeth to cause brokenteeth. Furthermore, at the end of cutting of the workpiece W by the sawblade 113, the rotation speed and the cutting speed with respect to theworkpiece of the saw blade 113 are controlled to a low speed, in orderto suppress occurrence of burr.

The cutting position of the saw blade 113 with respect to the workpieceW is detected by the cutting position detector 323, and the cuttinglength of the workpiece W is calculated by the cutting length calculator339 based on the detected cutting position. The saw speed (rotationspeed) corresponding to the cutting length is calculated by the sawspeed calculator 341 based on the calculation result, and the saw speedis controlled corresponding to the cutting length of the workpiece Wunder the control of the rotation speed controller 345.

When the rotation speed of the control motor 335 is controlled via themotor driver 347 under the control of the rotation speed controller 345,and the saw blade 113 is driven to cut the workpiece W, the rectangularpulse is generated by the rectangular pulse generator 351 and applied tothe motor driver 347, thereby vibrating the rotation speed of thecontrol motor 335.

In other words, when the control motor 335 is in a rotating state at aconstant speed, application of a positive rectangular pulse to the motordriver 347 instantaneously accelerates the rotation speed of the controlmotor 335. On the contrary, application of a negative rectangular pulseto the motor driver 347 instantaneously decelerates the rotation speedof the control motor 335. Therefore, by applying the rectangular pulseto the motor driver 347 from the rectangular pulse generator 351, therotation speed of the control motor 335 can be instantaneouslyaccelerated or decelerated so as to be vibrated, thereby vibrating therotation speed of the saw blade 113.

That is, when the saw blade 113 cuts the workpiece W, the saw blade 113vibrates in the rotation direction (moving direction), as if it isperforming vibratory cutting. Accordingly, when the saw blade 113 isinstantaneously accelerated, the saw blade 113 is suddenly movedvigorously, and hence, cutting of the workpiece W can be performedefficiently.

In a general machine tool, when vibratory cutting of the workpiece isperformed by moving a cutting tool with respect to a rotating workpiece,high frequency of several kHz is applied to the cutting tool to vibratethe cutting tool minutely. In the sawing machine, when the rotationspeed of the saw blade 113 is to be vibrated, it is necessary to vibratethe rotation speed of the control motor 335 for rotating the saw blade113.

For example, in the band saw machine, however, the weight of the drivingwheel 129, around which the saw blade 113 is wound, is large and theinertia is large. Furthermore, in a configuration in which a circularsaw is directly connected to the output shaft of the control motor 335,the inertia of the circular saw is large. Hence, even if ahigh-frequency pulse is applied to the motor driver 347, it is difficultto vibrate the rotation speed of the control motor 335 as intended.Therefore, in order to vibrate the rotation speed of the control motor335 to vibrate the rotation speed of the saw blade 113, it is desired toapply a rectangular pulse, which is of a low frequency of from severalto several hundred HZ and has sharp rise and fall, to the motor driver347. So long as the pulse is of low frequency of from several to severalhundred HZ and has a waveform with sharp rise and fall, for example, atrapezoid wave or a sinusoidal wave may be applied.

That is, by applying the low-frequency rectangular pulse to the motordriver 347 by the rectangular pulse generator 349, the rotation speed ofthe control motor 335 and the rotation speed of the saw blade 113 can bevibrated.

As described above, when the rectangular pulse generator 349 applies therectangular pulse to the motor driver 347 to cut the workpiece W byvibrating the rotation speed of the saw blade 113, the saw speed isinstantaneously accelerated sharply at the time of rise of therectangular pulse, and is instantaneously decelerated sharply at thetime of fall of the rectangular pulse, when the rectangular pulse isapplied by the rectangular pulse generator 349.

Therefore, the cutting actuator 321 is controlled by the cutting speedcontroller 351 at the time of fall of the rectangular pulse applied tothe motor driver 347 by the rectangular pulse generator 349, toaccelerate the cutting speed of the saw blade 113 with respect to theworkpiece W instantaneously sharply, thereby enabling efficient bitinginto the workpiece W of the sawteeth of the saw blade 113.

That is, it is desired to vibrate the saw blade 113 in the rotationdirection as well as the cutting speed of the saw blade 113 with respectto the workpiece W. In this case, by suddenly accelerating the cuttingspeed of the saw blade 113 with respect to the workpiece W when therotation speed of the saw blade 113 is low, biting into the workpiece Wof the sawteeth is performed efficiently. At this time, even if a workhardening layer is generated in the workpiece W, the points of thesawteeth break through the work hardening layer to bite into theworkpiece W deeply. Accordingly, even a workpiece that is likely togenerate a work hardening layer can be easily cut.

Furthermore, since the biting ability of the sawteeth with respect tothe workpiece is improved, generation of noise due to rubbing of the sawblade against the workpiece W can be suppressed. Accordingly, cutting ofthe workpiece can be performed more quietly and the cutting plane can bemade smoother than in the conventional sawing machine.

As can be understood, by applying the rectangular pulse to the controlmotor 347 by the rectangular pulse generator 349, the rotation speed ofthe saw blade 113 can be vibrated, and cutting of the workpiece W can beperformed by the saw blade 113 as if performing vibratory cutting.However, for example, when a machining program according to a presetmachining condition is stored in a storage unit 355 from an input unit353 in order to perform cutting of the workpiece W according to a normalmachining condition, and the rotation of the control motor 335 iscontrolled according to the stored machining condition to rotate the sawblade 113 and perform cutting of the workpiece W in the conventionalmanner, it is not necessary to vibrate the rotation speed of the sawblade 113 intentionally.

However, when the sawteeth of the saw blade 113 wear due to repetitionof cutting of the workpiece W, the cutting property of the saw blade 113with respect to the workpiece W degrades, and the saw blade 113 may rubagainst the workpiece W, thereby causing a work hardening layer in thecut section of the workpiece W. When the work hardening layer appears inthe cut section, a noise may be generated due to rubbing of the sawblade 113 against the workpiece W.

Therefore, when wear occurs in the sawteeth of the saw blade 113 togenerate noise, or when the cutting resistance increases, a noisedetector 357, a wear detector 359, and a cutting resistance detector 361are connected to the control device 337, in order to vibrate therotation speed of the saw blade 113. The controller 37 includes acomparator 363 that compares the detected values of the respectivedetectors 357, 359, and 361 with the respective reference values storedin the storage unit 355.

The noise detector 357 is formed of, for example, a microphone, and isarranged at a position suitable for detecting noise generated at thetime of cutting the workpiece W by the saw blade 113.

The wear detector 359 is for detecting the wear of the sawteeth of thesaw blade 113, and for example, a configuration in which the sawteeth ofthe saw blade 113 are imaged by an image pick-up device, resonating withthe rotation speed of the saw blade 113, to perform image processing canbe adopted.

For the cutting resistance detector 361, a torque sensor for detectingthe torque of the control motor 335 or an ammeter for detecting thecurrent flowing through the control motor 335 may be employed.

According to the above configuration, when the value detected by thenoise detector 357 is compared with the reference value prestored in thestorage unit 355 by the comparator 363 and the detected value becomeslarger than the reference value, or when the value detected by the weardetector 359 is compared with the reference value and the detected valuebecomes larger than the reference value, or when the value detected bythe cutting resistance detector 361 is compared with the reference valueand the detected value becomes larger than the reference value, therectangular pulse generator 349 applies the rectangular pulse to themotor driver 347, to vibrate the rotation speed of the control motor335, thereby vibrating the rotation speed of the saw blade 113.Furthermore, the cutting speed of the saw blade 113 with respect to theworkpiece W is also vibrated.

Accordingly, it can be suppressed that the sawteeth of the saw blade 113wear out to increase the noise, and that the cutting efficiencydecreases. In other words, even when noise is likely to occur,generation of noise can be suppressed, thereby solving the problem inthe conventional art.

When the cutting actuator 321 is operated by the motor driver 365 andthe control motor 367, as shown by imaginary line in FIG. 8, therectangular pulse generated by the rectangular pulse generator 349 maybe inverted by an inverter 369, and applied to the motor driver 365.

While the horizontal band saw machine is exemplified as the band sawmachine in the explanation of the third embodiment, the third embodimentis also applicable to the vertical band saw machine and the circular sawmachine.

A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be explained below.The fourth embodiment relates to a method of reducing the noisegenerated by the band saw machine such as the horizontal band sawmachine and the vertical band saw machine, and the band saw machine.More specifically, the fourth embodiment relates to a method of reducingthe noise resulting from longitudinal vibrations of the band saw blade,and the band saw machine. The fourth embodiment will be explained belowin detail with reference to the drawings.

A control motor 435 such as a servomotor for rotating the driving wheel129 (FIG. 3) is fitted to the back of the wheel housing 127A, and anoutput shaft 141 of the motor 435 is directly connected to the drivingwheel 129 without using a speed reducer.

A control device 439 such as a CNC unit is equipped for controlling theband saw machine 101. As shown in FIG. 9, where only the relevant partis conceptually and schematically, the control device 439 includes acutting length calculator 441 that calculates the cutting length of theworkpiece W based on the position detected by the cutting positiondetector 423 that detects the cutting position of the band saw blade 113with respect to the workpiece W, and the shape and the size of theworkpiece W input beforehand by an input unit 440.

Furthermore, the control device 439 includes a saw speed calculator 443that calculates the traveling speed (rotation speed) of the band sawblade 113 based on the calculation result of the cutting lengthcalculator 441. The saw speed calculator 443 searches an appropriate sawspeed corresponding to the material and the cutting length of theworkpiece W in a saw speed data table 445, in which the relation betweenthe cutting length and the saw speed is stored in data corresponding tothe material of the workpiece W.

The control device 439 includes a rotation speed controller 447 forcontrolling the rotation speed of the control motor 435 based on thecalculation result of the saw speed calculator 443, so that the rotationspeed of the control motor 435 is controlled via a motor driver 449under the control of the rotation speed controller 447. A rectangularpulse generator 451 is equipped in the control device 439 for applying arectangular pulse, as an example of pulses with sharp rise and fall, tothe motor driver 449, to suddenly accelerate or decelerate the rotationspeed of the control motor 435, thereby to vibrate the rotation speed ofthe control motor 439.

The rectangular pulse generator 451 vibrates, for example, the rotationspeed of the control motor 435 rotating at a constant rotation speedunder the control of the rotation speed controller 447, to vibrate therotation speed of the band saw blade 113 so that the band saw blade 113traveling at a constant speed vibrates in the traveling direction(moving direction) of the band saw blade 113. In other words, forexample, the band saw blade 113 traveling and rotating at a constantspeed is suddenly accelerated or decelerated to vibrate the rotationspeed, so that the saw speed is instantaneously changed as if the bandsaw blade 113 is performing vibratory cutting.

Furthermore, the control device 439 includes a cutting speed controller453 for controlling the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 421 forlifting, as one example of the cutting actuator, to control the cuttingspeed of the band saw blade 113 with respect to the workpiece W. Thecutting speed controller 453 includes a rotation speed controller thatcontrols a flow control valve when the cutting actuator is formed of afluid pressure cylinder, or controls the rotation speed of theservomotor when the cutting actuator is formed of, for example, a ballscrew or the like rotated by the servomotor.

When rotating the control motor 435 and operating the cutting actuator421 to start cutting of the workpiece W, the cutting position of theband saw blade 113 with respect to the workpiece W can be detected bythe cutting position detector 423. Therefore, as in the conventionalnormal band saw machine, cutting (hollow cutting) is performed at a highspeed until the band saw blade 113 approaches the workpiece W, and whenthe band saw blade 113 approaches the workpiece W, the cutting speed iscontrolled to a low speed. Cutting by the band saw blade 113 is thenperformed with respect to the workpiece W at the low cutting speed.

In the initial stage of cutting until the band saw blade 113 comes incontact with the workpiece W to cut the workpiece W slightly, thetraveling speed of the band saw blade 113 is controlled to a low speedunder the control of the rotation speed controller 447, so as not tocause broken teeth. That is, at the time of start cutting of theworkpiece W by the band saw blade 113, the cutting speed and the sawspeed are controlled to a low speed so that a large load does notsuddenly act on the sawteeth to cause broken teeth. Furthermore, at theend of cutting of the workpiece W by the band saw blade 113, thetraveling speed and the cutting speed with respect to the workpiece ofthe band saw blade 113 are controlled to a low speed, in order tosuppress occurrence of burr.

The cutting position of the band saw blade 113 with respect to theworkpiece W is detected by the cutting position detector 423, and thecutting length of the workpiece W is calculated by the cutting lengthcalculator 441 based on the detected cutting position. The saw speedcorresponding to the cutting length is calculated by the saw speedcalculator 443 based on the calculation result, and the saw speed iscontrolled corresponding to the cutting length of the workpiece W underthe control of the rotation speed controller 447.

As described above, when the rotation speed of the control motor 435 iscontrolled via the motor driver 449 under the control of the rotationspeed controller 447, and the band saw blade 113 is driven to cut theworkpiece W, the rectangular pulse is generated by the rectangular pulsegenerator 451 and applied to the motor driver 449, so that the rotationspeed of the control motor 435 is suddenly accelerated or decelerated,to be vibrated.

In other words, when the control motor 435 is in a rotating state at aconstant speed, application of a positive rectangular pulse from therectangular pulse generator 451 to the motor driver 449 instantaneouslyaccelerates the rotation speed of the control motor 435. On thecontrary, application of a negative rectangular pulse to the motordriver 449 instantaneously decelerates the rotation speed of the controlmotor 435. Therefore, by applying the rectangular pulse to the motordriver 449 from the rectangular pulse generator 451, the rotation speedof the control motor 435 can be vibrated, thereby vibrating thetraveling speed of the band saw blade 113.

That is, when the band saw blade 113 cuts the workpiece W, the band sawblade 113 vibrates in the traveling direction (moving direction), as ifit is performing vibratory cutting. Accordingly, when the band saw blade113 is instantaneously accelerated, the band saw blade 113 is suddenlymoved vigorously, and hence, cutting of the workpiece W can be performedefficiently.

In a general machine tool, when vibratory cutting of the workpiece isperformed by moving a cutting tool with respect to a rotating workpiece,high frequency of several kHz is applied to the cutting tool to vibratethe cutting tool minutely. In the band saw machine, when the travelingspeed of the band saw blade 113 is to be vibrated, it is necessary tovibrate the rotation speed of the control motor 439 for rotating theband saw blade 113.

In the band saw machine, however, since the weight of the driving wheel129 around which the band saw blade 113 is wound is large and theinertia is large, even if a high-frequency pulse is applied to the motordriver 449, it is difficult to vibrate the rotation speed of the controlmotor 435 as intended. Therefore, in order to vibrate the rotation speedof the control motor 435 to vibrate the traveling speed of the band sawblade 113, it is desired to apply a rectangular pulse, which is of a lowfrequency of from several to several hundred HZ, and has sharp rise andfall, to the motor driver 449. So long as the pulse is of low frequencyof from several to several hundred HZ and has a waveform with sharp riseand fall, for example, a trapezoid wave or a sinusoidal wave may beapplied.

That is, by applying the low-frequency rectangular pulse to the motordriver 449 by the rectangular pulse generator 451, the rotation speed ofthe control motor 435 and the traveling speed of the band saw blade 113can be vibrated.

As described above, when the rectangular pulse generator 451 applies therectangular pulse to the motor driver 449 to cut the workpiece W byvibrating the traveling speed of the band saw blade 113, the saw speedis instantaneously accelerated sharply at the time of rise of therectangular pulse, and is instantaneously decelerated sharply at thetime of fall of the rectangular pulse, when the rectangular pulse isapplied by the rectangular pulse generator 451.

Therefore, the cutting actuator 421 is controlled by the cutting speedcontroller 453 at the time of fall of the rectangular pulse applied tothe motor driver 449 by the rectangular pulse generator 451, toaccelerate the cutting speed of the band saw blade 113 with respect tothe workpiece W instantaneously sharply, thereby enabling efficientbiting into the workpiece W of the sawteeth of the band saw blade 113.

That is, it is desired to vibrate the band saw blade 113 in thetraveling direction as well as the cutting speed of the band saw blade113 with respect to the workpiece W. In this case, by suddenlyaccelerating the cutting speed of the band saw blade 113 with respect tothe workpiece W when the traveling speed of the band saw blade 113 islow, biting into the workpiece W of the sawteeth is performedefficiently. At this time, even if a work hardening layer is generatedin the workpiece W, the points of the sawteeth break through the workhardening layer to bite into the workpiece W deeply. Accordingly, even aworkpiece that is likely to generate a work hardening layer can beeasily cut.

Furthermore, since the biting ability of the sawteeth with respect tothe workpiece is improved, generation of noise resulting fromlongitudinal vibrations of the band saw blade 113 due to rubbing of theband saw blade against the workpiece W can be suppressed. Accordingly,cutting of the workpiece can be performed more quietly and the cuttingplane can be made smoother than the conventional band saw machine.

As can be understood from the above explanation, the control motor 435is used as the motor for rotating the driving wheel 129, and the outputshaft 141 of the control motor 435 and the driving wheel 129 aredirectly connected to each other. Accordingly, the configuration is madesimple, the moment of inertia of the rotation system is reduced, thecontrollability of the traveling speed of the band saw blade 113 isimproved, and the traveling speed of the band saw blade 113 can beeasily vibrated.

As can be understood, since the rectangular pulse generator 451 appliesthe rectangular pulse to the control motor 435 rotation-controlled underthe control of the rotation speed controller 447, to suddenly accelerateor decelerate the rotation speed of the control motor 435, the rotationspeed of the control motor 435 can be vibrated, and generation of noiseresulting from longitudinal vibrations of the band saw blade 113 at thetime of cutting the workpiece W can be suppressed and reduced.

The longitudinal vibration of the band saw blade 113 in the band sawmachine 101 is a natural frequency of the band saw blade 113 woundbetween the driving wheel 129 and the driven wheel 131, and hence, canbe determined uniquely. The frequency band of the natural frequencychanges according to the plate thickness of the band saw blade 113, thesize of the band saw blade such as the band width, the tensile strengthwhen the band saw blade 113 is pulled by the driven wheel 131, and thewheel distance between the driving wheel 129 and the driven wheel 131,however, it is a peculiar mode of vibration of respective band sawmachines 101, and is from about 1200 to 2000 Hz.

Therefore, a noise detector 455 such as a microphone is equipped fordetecting noise at the time of cutting the workpiece W by the band sawmachine 101, and a frequency analyzer 457 that performs frequencyanalysis of noise detected by the noise detector 455 is equipped in thecontrol device 439. The control device 439 also includes a noise datatable 459.

The noise data table 459 is a data table in which the mode of vibrationof the noise of from 1200 Hz to 2000 Hz is divided into a plurality offrequency bands, for example, 1200 Hz to 1400 Hz, 1401 Hz to 1600 Hz,1601 Hz to 1800 Hz, and 1801 Hz to 2000 Hz, and the frequency band ofthe rectangular pulse to be applied is associated with the dividedrespective frequency bands, wherein the association between therespective frequency bands of the noise and the frequency bands of therectangular pulse is determined experimentally beforehand.

With reference to FIGS. 10 and 11, the experimental data of noise valuesmeasured when performing cutting by applying the pulse will beexplained.

FIG. 10 illustrates the result of a test carried out under suchconditions that a material to be cut is SUS 304 having a diameter of 200millimeters, a saw blade to be used is SGLB EX 2/3P (44,000 squarecentimeters), a reference saw speed is 40 meters per minute, theoscillation frequency is 100 hertz, the cutting rate is 22 squarecentimeters per minute (override 100%). The result is obtained bymeasuring the noise values when the fluctuation of the saw speed ischanged. The natural frequency of the sawing machine is 1250 hertz.

On the other hand, FIG. 11 illustrates the result of a test carried outunder such conditions that a material to be cut is SUS 304 having adiameter of 200 millimeters, a saw blade to be used is SGLB EX 2/3P(44,000 square centimeters), the saw speed is 40 meters per minute (±7meters per minute), the cutting rate is 33 square centimeters per minute(override 150%). The result is obtained by measuring the noise valueswhen the oscillation frequency to be applied is changed. The naturalfrequency of the sawing machine is 1250 hertz.

From the test results, it is found that there is a tendency such thatthe noise is reduced by applying the pulse frequency near 70 to 150hertz. Particularly, it is found that remarkable effects can be obtainedin the range of from 100 to 125 hertz.

The control device 439 also includes a search unit 461 that searches thenoise data table 459 based on the frequency and the noise level analyzedby the frequency analyzer, and inputs the frequency band of the searchedrectangular pulse to the rectangular pulse generator 451, and a memory463 including first and second memories 463A and 463B for temporarilystoring the noise level analyzed by the frequency analyzer 457.

Furthermore, the control device 439 includes a comparator 465 thatcompares the noise levels stored in the first and the second memories463A and 463B with each other, and a sub noise data table 469 in whichwhen the noise level becomes minimum as the result of comparison by thecomparator, the frequency analyzed by the frequency analyzer 457 and thefrequency of the rectangular pulse converted by a frequency converter467 are stored in association with each other.

In such a configuration, the rotation of the control motor 435 iscontrolled under the control of the rotation speed controller 447, basedon the material, the shape, and the size of the workpiece W input fromthe input unit 440, and a preset cutting condition, and the cuttingactuator 421 is controlled by the cutting speed controller 453 based onthe cutting condition to perform cutting of the workpiece W by the bandsaw blade 113. When the band saw blade 113 is worn out gradually, theband saw blade 113 rubs against the workpiece W to generate noise.

The noise at the time of cutting the workpiece W is detected by thenoise detector 455, and the detected noise level is compared with thereference value stored in a reference value memory 471. When thedetected noise level is larger than the reference value, the rectangularpulse generator 451 applies the rectangular pulse to the motor driver449, to vibrate the rotation speed of the control motor 435, therebysuppressing (reducing) the noise.

In other words, the noise detected by the noise detector 455 isfrequency-analyzed by the frequency analyzer 457, to obtain a frequencyat which the noise level becomes the highest. The maximum noise level isstored in the first memory 463A of the memory 463, and the noise levelstored in the first memory 463A is compared with the reference valuestored in the reference value memory 471 by the comparator 465.

The search unit 461 searches the noise data table 459 and the sub noisedata table 469 based on the natural frequency at the maximum noise levelanalyzed by the frequency analyzer 457. When the data corresponding tothe natural frequency can be searched from the noise data table 469, thefrequency of the rectangular pulse of the rectangular pulse generator451 is converted based on the searched data.

When there is no data corresponding to the natural frequency in the subnoise data table 469, the search unit 461 searches a frequency bandincluding the natural frequency from the noise data table 459, andselects a desired frequency from the frequency band of the rectangularpulse associated with the frequency band, to designate the frequency ofthe rectangular pulse generated by the rectangular pulse generator 451as the desired frequency.

The noise when the rectangular pulse of the desired frequency is appliedto the motor driver 449 to cut the workpiece W is detected by the noisedetector 455, and the noise level at this time is stored in the secondmemory 463B of the memory 463. The noise levels stored in the first andthe second memories 463A and 463B are compared with each other, and whenthe noise level in the second memory 463B is smaller than that in thefirst memory 463A, it is stored in the first memory 463A. At the time offirst comparison, the rectangular pulse is applied to the motor driver449 in order to reduce the noise level. Therefore, the noise levelstored in the second memory 463B is smaller than the noise levelinitially stored in the first memory 463A.

Subsequently, the frequency of the rectangular pulse generated by therectangular pulse generator 451 is converted by the frequency converter467 for every predetermined numbers, and the noise level detected eachtime is stored in the second memory 463B of the memory 463, to obtainthe minimum noise level by comparing the detected noise level with thenoise level stored in the first memory 463A. The frequency of therectangular pulse when the noise level becomes the lowest is associatedwith the natural frequency analyzed by the frequency analyzer 457, andstored in the sub noise data table 469.

As can be understood, the noise generated at the time of cutting theworkpiece W by the band saw blade 113 is detected by the noise detector455, and the detected noise is frequency-analyzed by the frequencyanalyzer 457, to obtain the natural frequency at which the noise levelbecomes the highest. In order to reduce the noise level due to thenatural frequency, the frequency of the rectangular pulse applied by therectangular pulse generator 451 to the motor driver 449 is converted,and the noise levels detected every time the frequency of therectangular pulse is converted are compared to obtain the minimum noiselevel. Accordingly, automation for reducing the noise can be realized.

In other words, the rotation speed of the band saw blade 113 is vibratedby vibrating the rotation speed of the control motor 435, to realize thevibratory cutting mode of the workpiece W, thereby suppressing andreducing the noise resulting from longitudinal vibrations of the bandsaw blade 113. Accordingly, the noise due to longitudinal vibrations ofthe band saw blade can be reduced more effectively, as compared with theconventional configuration in which the vibration-isolating roller ispressed against the band saw blade.

Entire contents of Japanese Patent Applications No. 2003-057655 (filedon Mar. 4, 2003), No. 2003-392256 (filed on Nov. 21, 2003), No.2003-435627 (filed on Dec. 26, 2003), and No. 2003-435646 (filed on Dec.26, 2003) are incorporated by reference in the specification of thepresent application.

The embodiments of the present invention described above are to beconsidered not restrictive, and the invention can be embodied in othervarious forms, as changes are appropriately made.

1. A sawing machine comprising a driving wheel and a driven wheel aroundwhich an endless band saw blade is wound, wherein at least one of thedriving wheel and the driven wheel is directly connected to an outputshaft of a control motor.
 2. The sawing machine according to claim 1,wherein the output shaft of the control motor is arranged in acylindrical bearing unit installed on a motor base supporting thecontrol motor, and the driving wheel is rotatably supported by thebearing unit.
 3. The sawing machine according to claim 1, furthercomprising: a rotation speed controller for controlling the rotationspeed of the control motor; a motor driver for driving the control motorunder the control of the rotation speed controller; and a pulsegenerator that applies a pulse to the motor driver in order to vibratethe rotation speed of the rotating control motor under the control ofthe rotation speed controller.
 4. The sawing machine according to claim3, wherein the frequency of the pulse applied by the pulse generator isas low as several Hz to several hundred Hz.
 5. The sawing machineaccording to claim 3, further comprising: a cutting position detectorfor detecting a cutting position of the band saw blade with respect tothe workpiece; a cutting length calculator that calculates the cuttinglength based on the cutting position detected by the cutting positiondetector, and the shape and the size of the workpiece; and a saw speedcalculator that calculates the saw speed corresponding to the cuttinglength calculated by the cutting length calculator and outputs arotation speed instruction to the rotation speed controller.
 6. Thesawing machine according to claim 3, further comprising: a cutting speedcontroller for controlling the cutting speed of the band saw blade withrespect to the workpiece, wherein the cutting speed of the band sawblade with respect to the workpiece is instantaneously accelerated underthe control of the cutting speed controller, at the time of fall of thepulse output from the pulse generator.
 7. A cutting method for cutting aworkpiece by moving an endless band saw blade equipped on a band sawmachine, wherein the traveling speed of the band saw blade isvibrationally controlled to cut the workpiece.
 8. The cutting methodaccording to claim 7, wherein the cutting speed of the band saw bladewith respect to the workpiece is vibrationally controlled to cut theworkpiece.
 9. The cutting method according to claim 7, wherein thetraveling speed and the cutting speed with respect to the workpiece ofthe band saw blade are controlled to be low to cut the workpiece, in theinitial stage and in the final stage of cutting with respect to theworkpiece.
 10. A cutting method of a workpiece by a sawing machine,wherein when the rotation of a control motor is controlled under a setmachining condition to rotate a saw blade and perform cutting of theworkpiece, and when noise, wear, or a cutting resistance of the sawblade equal to or higher than a reference value is detected, a pulse isapplied to a motor driver by a pulse generator, to vibrate the rotationspeed of the control motor, and the rotation of the saw blade isvibrated to continue cutting of the workpiece.
 11. A cutting method of aworkpiece by a sawing machine, wherein, when the rotation of a controlmotor is controlled under a set machining condition to rotate a sawblade and the cutting speed of the saw blade with respect to theworkpiece is controlled by a cutting speed controller to perform cuttingof the workpiece, and when noise, wear, or a cutting resistance of thesaw blade equal to or higher than a reference value is detected, a pulseis applied to a motor driver by a pulse generator, to vibrate therotation speed of the control motor, and the rotation and the cuttingspeed of the saw blade are also vibrated, to continue cutting of theworkpiece.
 12. A sawing machine comprising: a saw blade directly rotatedby a control motor; a rotation speed controller for controlling therotation speed of the control motor; a motor driver that drives thecontrol motor under the control of the rotation speed controller; apulse generator that applies a pulse to the motor driver in order tovibrate the rotation speed of the rotating control motor, under thecontrol of the rotation speed controller; a noise detector for detectingnoise at the time of cutting the workpiece, or a wear detector fordetecting the wear of the saw blade, or a cutting resistance detectorfor detecting the cutting resistance; and a comparator that compares thedetected value of the noise, or the detected value of the wear, or thedetected value of the cutting resistance with a reference value.
 13. Thesawing machine according to claim 12, further comprising a cutting speedcontroller for controlling the cutting speed of the saw blade withrespect to the workpiece, wherein the cutting speed of the saw bladewith respect to the workpiece is instantaneously accelerated under thecontrol of the cutting speed controller, corresponding to the pulseoutput from the pulse generator.
 14. The sawing machine according toclaim 12, wherein the frequency of the pulse applied by the pulsegenerator is as low as several Hz to several hundred Hz.
 15. A noisereduction method for reducing noise due to longitudinal vibrations ofthe band saw blade at the time of cutting a workpiece by a band sawmachine, wherein sudden acceleration and deceleration are applied to theband saw blade to vibrate the rotation speed of the band saw blade,thereby reducing noise due to longitudinal vibrations of the band sawblade.
 16. The noise reduction method according to claim 15, wherein thesudden acceleration and deceleration of the band saw blade are realizedby applying a pulse to a control motor for rotating the band saw blade.17. The noise reduction method according to claim 16, wherein thefrequency of the pulse to be applied to the control motor is adjusted todetermine an appropriate frequency, and the pulse of the determinedappropriate frequency is applied to the control motor.
 18. A sawingmachine comprising: a control motor for rotating a driving wheel on aband saw machine; a rotation speed controller for controlling therotation speed of the control motor; a motor driver that drives thecontrol motor under the control of the rotation speed controller; apulse generator that applies a pulse to the motor driver in order toaccelerate and decelerate suddenly the rotation of the rotating controlmotor, under the control of the rotation speed controller; and afrequency adjuster that adjusts the frequency of the pulse applied bythe pulse generator.
 19. The sawing machine according to claim 18,further comprising: a noise detector for detecting noise at the time ofcutting the workpiece; a frequency analyzer that analyzes the frequencyof the noise detected by the noise detector; and a noise data table inwhich the frequency band of the noise and the frequency band of thepulse to be applied are stored in association with each other.
 20. Thesawing machine according to claim 18, further comprising: a storage unitthat stores the frequency of the pulse applied by the pulse generatorand the noise level detected by the noise detector in association witheach other; and a comparator that compares the noise level stored in thestorage unit with a new noise level detected by the noise detector, tocalculate a minimum noise level.
 21. The sawing machine according toclaim 20, further comprising a memory for storing the frequency of thepulse at the minimum noise level calculated by the comparator and thefrequency of noise to be reduced, in association with each other.